Programming In C: Initializing Arrays & Isolating Elements

Initializing an Array An array is a set (group) of numbers. (C does not allow for arrays of characters or strings. Use Perl for these.) Here is a sample array: int years[3] = { 1800, 1900, 2000 }; This array is a set (group) of three years: 1800, 1900, and 2000. Each of these is called […]

Programming In C: Infinite and Nested Loops

Infinite Loops If you want the viewer to decide when to exit a loop, use an infinite for loop. The infinite for loop sets no requirements inside the for statement, like this: for( ; ; ) Many people shop online, using the internet. Here is a program to help you keep track of how much money […]

Programming In C: Introducing For Loops

A for loop repeats a function for a specific number of times. Increment and decrement For loops use increment and decrement operators. increment means to loop again, counting up (1, 2, 3, 4, …) The symbol for increment is++ decrement means to loop again, counting down (… 4, 3, 2, 1) The symbol for decrement is —

Programming In C: While Loops

While Loops A while loop repeats a function until a condition is met. Simple while loops Have you ever kept repeating a question until someone gives you the correct answer? (Teachers do this all the time.) This is called a while loop. For example, let’s ask the viewer what year C was developed. The correct answer is […]

Programming In C: Multiple Conditions

Switch (Multiple Conditions) A switch is a function that handles multiple conditions and gives a different response to each condition. It is a very complex type of conditional. Switch If you ask a question that could have several different answers, and you want to give a different response to each answer, then you must use a switch.

Programming In C: Special Conditional Operators

Special Operators (Logical and Conditional) An operator is a function that performs a mathematical calculation, such as addition, or a logical calculation, such as or. Logical Operators In complex conditionals, we use logical operators to test whether multiple conditions are true or false. Here is a list of logical operators: &&  || !   and  or not […]

Programming In C: Simple and Nested Conditionals

Simple Conditional, Nested Conditional A conditional is an if … else statement. For example: If you study, then you will succeed, or else you will fail.    This example has three parts: the condition: If you study, if the condition is met: then you will succeed, if the condition is not met: or else you will fail. Notice that […]

Programming in C: Variables and Strings

Characters and Strings A character is a single letter, symbol, or number (from -128 to +127). The value of the character is stored in one byte of memory, so it must be very small. A string, however, can be any length of letters, words, or symbols, like a name or a sentence. Let’s learn how to handle […]

Programming in C: Short and Long Variables

Short and Long Integers, Double and Long Double Floating Points C provides special integer and floating point variables to handle short and long numbers. How you use these depends on how your computer’s memory stores information. Short and Long Integers When declaring an integer, you can use one of three variable types:   Type int […]

Programming in C: Floating Point Variables

Floating Point Variables, Working with Money, Viewer Input with Float, Constants Now that we understand integer varialbes, let’s learn about another type of number: the floating point. Floating Point Variables A floating point variable is a number with a decimal point value, like 5.34 or -345.98.

Programming in C: Working With Variables

Declaring Variables, Integers, Working with Viewer Input, and Arithmetic Operators A variable stores information. In C, we use different types of variables to store different types of information, such as numbers, letters, or words. The variable holds the information until you are ready to use it. Declaring (Initializing) Variables Whenever you use a variable in a […]